Mr. Howell is 81 and presenting with a six-month history of lightheadedness on standing up. His past medical history includes hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, osteoporosis, diverticular disease and venous insufficiency.

Amanda is 72 with an eight-year history of Parkinson’s disease. Her past medical history includes hypertension, anxiety and type 2 diabetes mellitus. She presents to you with recent falls. Her husband reports she has had a weight loss of 10 pounds over six months with poor appetite. She yells and moves in her sleep almost nightly.

Mrs. Farley is 84 and living in long-term care. She has a known major neurocognitive disorder secondary to Alzheimer’s Disease and has been on Donepezil 10 mg daily for the past eight years. She needs cueing and assistance for most of her basic activities of daily living including washing, dressing and bathing.

Mrs. R is 81 and was referred to the geriatric outpatient clinic for assessment of cognition and mobility. She recently fell at home and has had pain in her back and legs since that time. She has been paying less attention to conversation during meals, becomes confused when asked questions, has been losing her glasses and has been coughing frequently.

Although vertigo involves the perception of motion, older adults may not report it as motion but as unsteadiness and falling. What are the considerations in the management of vertigo in the older adult? This article will provide an overview.

Vitamin B12 deficiency may be easily overlooked as it can present with a wide range of non-specific symptoms. A number of conditions and medications increase the risk of vitamin B12 deficiency and periodic screening in some individuals should be considered.

Dr. Sarah Burton-MacLeod discusses providing comfort at the end of life, with particular focus on the symptom management of death rattle.